Frequently Asked Questions

What is Dyslexia?

Dyslexia is a learning disability which is neurological in origin. It mainly affects the way an individual decodes words which relates to how their brain processes reading, spelling, and phonics. Dyslexia also impacts an individual’s reading fluency and comprehension. It is important to note that dyslexia is not caused by intelligence, hearing, or visual deficits. 

What is Dyscalculia?

Dyscalculia is a math learning disability which is neurological in origin. It causes an individual to have challenges with understanding mathematical concepts, equations, and relationships. It can also affect daily life such as reading an analog clock, paying for items, and keeping time when reading music. The abstract thinking of numbers hinders an individual’s ability to visualize and comprehend information. It is important to note that dyscalculia is not caused by intelligence or visual deficits.

What is a Dyslexia Screener?

A dyslexia screener is a tool or assessment that is used to identify the risk or presence of dyslexia in individuals. It may involve a series of tests and questionnaires designed to assess various skills, including phonological processing, working memory, and rapid automatized naming. The results of the screener can help to determine whether an individual should be referred for further evaluation or support. It is important to note that a dyslexia screener can not make a formal dyslexia diagnosis.

Who can diagnose a learning disability?

In the United States, a learning disability is typically diagnosed by a qualified professional, such as a psychologist, neuropsychologist, or educational specialist. These professionals have specialized training and experience in assessing and diagnosing learning disabilities.

The diagnostic process typically involves a comprehensive evaluation that may include standardized tests, observations, interviews, and reviews of medical and educational records. The goal of the evaluation is to identify the presence of a learning disability and to determine the individual’s specific strengths and weaknesses.

It’s important to note that the diagnostic process for a learning disability can be complex and may take some time. Additionally, a diagnosis is not always necessary for an individual to receive support and accommodations in their education or work environment. School districts and employers may provide accommodations and support based on an individual’s specific needs and challenges, regardless of whether a formal diagnosis has been made.

 

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What is the difference between dyscalculia and math anxiety?
Dyscalculia and math anxiety are both related to difficulties with mathematics, but they are distinct conditions.
Dyscalculia is a specific learning disorder that affects an individual’s ability to understand and comprehend numbers. People with dyscalculia may have difficulty with basic arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as more advanced mathematical concepts, such as fractions, decimals, and algebra. Dyscalculia is often associated with difficulties with spatial perception, working memory, and executive function.
Math anxiety, on the other hand, is a psychological condition in which individuals experience fear or anxiety related to mathematics. People with math anxiety may avoid math-related activities, experience physical symptoms of anxiety, and may have negative thoughts about their ability to perform well in math.
While dyscalculia and math anxiety may co-occur in some individuals, they are distinct conditions with different underlying causes. Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability that is neurological in nature, while math anxiety is a psychological condition that may be related to factors such as past negative experiences with math, fear of failure, or societal pressure to excel in math.
What is the difference between dyslexia and dyscalculia?
Dyslexia and dyscalculia are both learning disabilities that impact the way an individual processes certain information. However, they are different in terms of the specific skills and abilities that are affected.
Dyslexia is a learning disability that affects an individual’s ability to decode speech sounds, appropriately spelling words and understand written text. People who have dyslexia often have obstacles with accurate word recognition and reading fluency.
Dyscalculia is a learning disability that affects an individual’s ability to understand and manipulate numbers. People with dyscalculia may have difficulty with basic arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. This makes advanced mathematical concepts, such as fractions, decimals, and algebra, even harder to comprehend.
While dyslexia and dyscalculia are different learning disabilities with distinct struggles, they may co-occur in some individuals.
What is the difference between a 504 plan and an IEP?

A 504 plan is under the Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This is a federal law that prohibits discrimination against people who have disabilities. These plans allow for only accommodations or modifications rather than accommodations and specifically designed instruction. An individual can qualify for a 504 Plan if they have a diagnosed disability that interferes with their performance in a general education setting. 

 An IEP means Individualized Education Plan and it provides specifically designed instruction and accommodations to students. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the law that protects this document for students who have disabilities. The people who qualify for IEPs are students who have one of the 13 specific disabilities under the IDEA who have difficulties performing and learning in a general education setting.